The Kingdom of Tonga is a country located in the South Pacific in the Polynesian group of islands. It is made up of a total of 176 islands, 36 of which are inhabited. The total population of Tonga sits at approximately 106,000 people, which are divided among four main island groups - Tongatapu, Ha'Apai, Vava'u and Niuas. The capital Nuku'alofa is located on the main island of Tongatapu. Tonga is a constitutional monarchy, making it unique in the Pacific. The monarchy is over 1,000 years old and the constitution dates to 1875. Tonga's economy is relatively small and vulnerable due to its dependence on foreign aid, remittances and a narrow economic base centred around agriculture and fisheries. Despite improvements in education and health, the country still struggles with limited job opportunities and vulnerability to natural disasters and climate change.
His Majesty's Armed Forces (HMAF), also known as the Royal Tongan Marines consists of approximately 500-700 active military personnel. Australia is listed as a key Defence partner of Tonga in its HMAF Corporate Plan and Budget along with New Zealand, USA, UK, India and China. Training and education are key component of Australia's military support.