This article contends that predicting adversary behaviour through course of action analysis creates a false perception of certainty for a commander. A more effective approach is to use 'expectations analysis' - combining adversary capabilities and intentions and examining how the operating environment directly affects these variables.

A practical blueprint to make marksmanship a true combat advantage: adopt Combat Resource Management, modernise MTR/UTR & 25 m ranges, enhance WTSS, stand up Range Support Teams, and build a culture of continuous, data-driven proficiency.